Renal Calculus 1

hage_20a_n.jpg to hage_20c_n.jpg: Work-up examinations and operative findings in a 2-year-old boy with recurrent urinary tract infections and erythrocytes in the urine sediment. hage_20a_n.jpg: Plain abdominal x-ray: Multiple superimposed calcifications are visible with projection to the site of the upper part of the left kidney. hage_20b_n.jpg: IVU with two separated renal cavity systems on the left side; in contrast to the normal structure and contrast excretion of the right kidney, and of the left lower renal part, a distinct dilatation and weak contrast excretion of the left upper part of the kidney can be seen. hage_20c_n.jpg: On the x-ray of the resected left upper part of the left kidney multiple calcifications are visible. hage_20a_n.jpg to hage_20c_n.jpg: The diagnosis is a complete ureteral duplication of the left side with a ureterocele of the ureter of the upper part of the kidney (notice the contrast defect in the bladder in hage_20b_n.jpg of the left cranial renal part which has a decreased excretory function and a dilated pelvis, and contains multiple renal stones). As shown in hage_20c_n.jpg the stones lie in the left upper renal part; the stones are infectious calculi; the obstruction of the left upper ureter by a uretrocele is the primary underlying cause of stone formation.